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- August 3, 1989
-
- ZIDOVUDINE BENEFITS PERSONS WITH EARLY SYMPTOMATIC HIV
- INFECTION
-
- Zidovudine, commonly called AZT, significantly slows
- progression of HIV infection when given to persons with
- early AIDS-related complex (ARC), according to results from
- a placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial supported
- by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- (NIAID) in collaboration with Burroughs Wellcome Co.
-
- The results of the trial were announced today by
- Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., Director of the NIAID. He reported
- that NIAID has stopped the study on the recommendation of
- the Data and Safety Monitoring Board reviewing the trial
- data. The trial has been underway at 29 units of the NIAID
- AIDS Clinical Trials Group since August 1987. All study
- participants will now be offered zidovudine. The Board
- reviewed trial data at its regular meeting on August 2.
-
- "For the first time, the benefits of anti-retroviral
- treatment for patients with early symptomatic HIV infection
- have been clearly shown," Dr. Fauci said. "In this study,
- significantly fewer persons receiving zidovudine progressed
- to advanced ARC or AIDS. This finding could extend
- treatment to an estimated one to two hundred thousand
- persons with early symptoms of HIV infection. It also
- emphasizes how critical it is that persons at risk for HIV
- infection be tested and seek prompt medical care."
-
- The randomized, double-blind trial was coordinated by
- Margaret Fischl, M.D., University of Miami. It included 713
- HIV infected persons having T4 cell levels between 200 and
- 800/mm3 and one or two HIV-associated symptoms, such as oral
- thrush, chronic rash, or intermittent diarrhea.
- Participants received either placebo or 200 milligrams of
- zidovudine every 4 hours (1200 milligrams per day) over a
- period of 3 to 20 months. Fewer than 5 percent of the
- participants experienced serious side effects.
-
- As of July 1989, 50 of the 713 participants had
- progressed to advanced ARC or AIDS. Of these, 36
- participants were in the placebo arm of the study, whereas
- only 14 were in the zidovudine arm. The benefit of
- zidovudine was demonstrated only in those participants who
- had T4 cell counts between 200 and 500 when they entered the
- study.
-
- "This study clearly shows that early intervention is
- important in HIV infection and that zidovudine is well
- tolerated in persons with early ARC," Dr. Fischl said.
-
- Frank Young, M.D., Ph.D., Commissioner of the Food and
- Drug Administration said, "The FDA will work closely with
- the NIAID and Burroughs Wellcome Co. to translate these
- exciting results into wider availability of zidovudine to
- this category of symptomatic HIV-infected persons as quickly
- as possible."
-
- Zidovudine, whose chemical name is
- 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine is manufactured by Burroughs
- Wellcome Co. and is available under the trademark Retrovir.
- Its effectiveness in extending the lives of persons with
- AIDS was first announced in September 1986. It was approved
- in March 1987 for treatment of AIDS patients who had
- recovered from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and patients
- with advanced ARC.